Garmin GPSMAP 278 Manuel d'utilisateur

Owner’s Manualchartplotter receiverGPSMAP® 278

Charging the GPSMAP 278Before using the GPSMAP 278, you might need to charge the battery. Plug the power cable into an external power source to charge

Adjusting the Sonar PageUse the Adjustment menu to access the settings and features most commonly used on the Sonar Page. Ten main adjustment options

• 4X Zoom—shows the 4X zoomed picture on the full screen.• Btm (Bottom) Split—shows two reduced pictures, the right at the original depth scale and t

Resizing the Split ScreenYou can adjust the way the split screen appears. This option is only available when a zoom scale other than No Zoom is select

Setting Up SonarUse the Sonar tab on the Main Menu to set up the Sonar Page. Main Menu—Sonar TabFish Symbols—select how the Sonar Page shows underwate

Calibrating the Water SpeedIf you select Temp, Spd for the Transducer option on the Setup sub tab, you must calibrate the water speed to ensure the Wa

Setting Up the Sonar DisplayYou can set up how the sonar information appears on-screen using the Display sub tab.Display Sub TabScale—select how and w

Viewing the TemperatureUse the Temperature sub tab to view a graph of water temperature changes over a period of time. The graph reads from right to l

Understanding SonarThe transducer mounted on your vessel transmits sound waves toward the bottom of the water in a cone-shaped pattern. When a transmi

Transducer CoverageThe area covered by the transmitted sound waves is determined by the cone angle of the transducer and the water depth. The wide con

WhitelineThe GSD 20 or GSD 21 can help you determine whether the bottom is hard or soft. When the sonar sound waves are reected back by the bottom, a

Turning Your GPSMAP 278 On or OffBefore you turn on the GPSMAP 278, be sure the antenna is rotated up as shown on page 1, and it has a clear and unobs

aPPendIxSpecicationsPhysical SpecicationsSize: 5.7" W x 3.2" H x 1.9" D (14.5 x 8.1 x 4.8 cm)Weight: 14.0 oz (0.40 kg)Display:

Optional AccessoriesIn addition to the standard accessories included with your GPSMAP 278, several optional accessories are available to enhance the o

Installation InformationThis section of the Appendix provides information on connecting the GPSMAP 278 to auxiliary devices and removing the antenna.C

Connecting Your GPSMAP 278 to a ComputerYou can connect your GPSMAP 278 to your computer using the supplied USB cable to connect to a USB data port or

Using xImage for Customized Waypoint IconsUse xImage to exchange images between your computer and your GPSMAP 278. You can download and save screensho

Installing and Removing Data CardsYou can use optional Garmin data cards in your GPSMAP 278 to show digital charts and maps. Install the data card in

InterfacingThe following formats are supported for connection of external devices: GARMIN proprietary Differential GPS (DGPS), NMEA 0180, 0182, 0183 (

What is EGNOS/WAAS/MSAS?The European Geostationary Navigation Overlay System (EGNOS) is European Space Agency developed service to improve the overall

Using the LORAN TD FormatWhen creating new waypoints using LORAN TD coordinates, you must set the correct LORAN chain number and secondary stations in

Map Datums and Location FormatsMap Datums are based on a mathematical model of the Earth.What Are Map Datums?A datum is a mathematical model of the Ea

Getting Satellite SignalsAfter you turn on the GPSMAP 278, the unit automatically begins searching for satellites. The GPS page appears while the unit

Digital Selective Calling (DSC)DSC uses marine VHF radio GPS technologies to transmit and receive location information. DSC is used by mariners to ass

Each entry in the Call List and Log has a corresponding DSC Entry Review Page. This page operates similarly to the Distress Page and Position Report P

DSC LogReceiving a Position Report or Distress CallAfter you receive a Position Report or a Distress Call, you can quickly navigate to the location. H

New Directory Item PageEnter the MMSI number, name, and a comment (if needed) in the elds.Highlight OK and press ENTER to save the directory entry.Af

What is a Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI) Number?MMSI allows a VHF radio to act like a phone. The 9-digit MMSI number acts like a phone number

How Can Garmin Help You with DSC?To receive distress calls or position reports, you must have a DSC-equipped chartplotter as well as a VHF radio with

MessagesAccuracy Alarm—the GPS accuracy has fallen outside of user-set value.Alarm Clock—the alarm clock has sounded.Antenna Shorted to Ground—the ext

Off Course—you are off course by the distance set in the Off Course Alarm.Proximity Memory Full—no additional proximity waypoints can be saved.Proximi

Data Field OptionsThe following list provides a brief description of each data eld option. Some of these options are supported only by devices interf

Sunrise—the time at which the sun rises on this day.Sunset—the time at which the sun sets on this day.Time—the current time and date. It can be shown

The progress of satellite acquisition is shown in three stages:• No signal strength bars—the receiver is looking for the satellites indicated.• White

Software License AgreementBY USING THE GPSMAP 278, YOU AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE FOLLOWING SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT. PLEA

Limited WarrantyThis Garmin product is warranted to be free from defects in materials or workmanship for one year from the date of purchase. Within th

FCC ComplianceThis device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause

IndexAaccessories 103accuracy alarm 72acquiring satellites 5active route page 54options menu 54active track tab 38, 41AC outlet 2add to route

distance and speed 84distress calls 69, 112–117drift 73DSC 69, 112–113DSC Tab 69Eeditroute 25, 26, 61waypoints 33editing a waypoint 33EGNOS 6

MayDay 115, 117measuring distance 48messages 120message tab 78mils 84MMSI 69, 116MOB 14, 16month view 74moon information 76NNAV/MOB 16naviga

signal strength 5simulate 6, 81GPS 5simulator modenew location 12software license agreement 122sonar 90, 91–94adjusting 92–94alarms 72on the m

For the latest free software updates (excluding map data) throughout the life of your Garmin products, visit the Garmin Web site at www.garmin.com.©

GPS OptionsPress MENU twice to open the Main Menu. Use the ROCKER to highlight the GPS tab. Press MENU to open the options menu.Start/Stop Simulator—s

Using the GPSMAP 278 KeypadIN Key/OUT Key• Press to adjust map scale to show a larger area with less detail (zoom out) or a smaller area with more de

Using The GPSMAP 278The advanced keypad system on the GPSMAP 278 is designed to allow you to select options and enter data quickly and conveniently. A

Selecting Options and Entering DataTo enter data and select options, use the ROCKER to highlight, select, or choose an item in a list or a eld on the

Entering data TIP: To clear the entire data eld, highlight the left-most character eld and press left on the ROCKER again.3. Press ENTER.Not all 

Using the Main MenuUse the Main Menu on your GPSMAP 278 to access various waypoint, system, navigation and interface management, and setup menus. Pres

© 2009 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiariesGarmin International, Inc. 1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062, USA Tel. (913) 397.8200 or (800) 800.1

Using Simulator ModeSimulator Mode is great for practicing with the unit if you are indoors or when satellite signals are not available. All waypoints

MarIne ModeYour GPSMAP 278 comes preloaded with an enhanced worldwide basemap that depicts shorelines and surface features. The GPSMAP 278 is compatib

Navigating to a DestinationYou can navigate to your destination using the Map Page. As you travel, you see a magenta line that always runs from your c

To navigate (Go To) a point on the map:Highlight a point to navigate to, and press NAV. Highlight Go To <point name>, and press ENTER. Follow

Man OverBoard (MOB)Use the MOB function to simultaneously mark your current location and create a direct route back to that location for quick respons

Finding an ItemUse the Find menu to search for addresses, food & drink, fuel services, lodging, banks/ATMs, cities, shopping, stored waypoints, an

Finding an Item From Another LocationYou can use the Find menu to center your search around an item you just found. For example, you search for Restri

3. Highlight an item from the search results list, and press ENTER. 4. Press ENTER to go to the item.To nd an item near another location:1. Press

Viewing Recently Found ItemsThe Recently Found Page shows a list of the items you have searched for or gone to recently. To view a list of recently fo

Viewing the Information PageEach item on the map and each item listed in the results list has an Information Page.To view details about an item:1. Hi

IntroductIonThank you for choosing the Garmin® GPSMAP® 278, which uses the proven performance of Garmin GPS and full-featured mapping to create an uns

Creating and Using RoutesYou can create and store up to 50 reversible routes, with up to 300 points each. Creating a New RouteUse the Route tab to cre

To create a route using the map:Highlight the Route tab on the Main Menu.Press MENU once to open the Route options menu. Highlight New Route, and pr

Navigating a Saved RouteUse the Navigate Route option to select and navigate a saved route. To navigate a saved route:1. Press the NAV key.2. Highli

Editing a RouteAfter you create a route, use the Route Review Page to edit, change the name, and review route points of a selected route.To change the

To add points to a route:1. Press MENU twice to open the Main Menu. Highlight the Route tab. 2. Select a route, and press ENTER. 3. Highlight the s

You can enter information about your trip so the GPSMAP 278 can estimate information about your trip. To plan your route:1. Open the Route Review Pag

Creating and Using Waypoints The GPSMAP 278 stores up to 3,000 alphanumeric waypoints with a user-dened icon, comment, elevation, depth, and temperat

Creating Waypoints Using the MapYou can quickly create a waypoint using the Map Page. When you pan the map and move the arrow over a map item, you se

Creating a Waypoint by Entering CoordinatesYou can manually enter location coordinates to create a waypoint. This method is useful for creating a wayp

To access the Waypoint Edit Page:1. Highlight the Points tab on the Main Menu, and then select a waypoint from the list. Points Tab2. Press ENTER to

table of contentsIntroduction ...iAbout This Manual ...

Averaging the Waypoint’s LocationAverage Location makes the unit take several sample location measurements for the waypoint and recalculate for a more

5. To change the location from which you are projecting the new waypoint, highlight the From eld, and press ENTER. 6. Select the point that you wil

Waypoint PageName eldSymbol eldTo edit the next waypoint in the list: 1. Highlight Next and press ENTER. The Waypoint list appears with the next wa

Waypoint PageSelect the category to which you want to assign the waypoint.To delete a category:1. With the Waypoint Categories window open, highlight

To delete waypoints by symbol or category:1. On the User sub tab, highlight a waypoint to delete, and press MENU.2. Highlight Delete by Symbol or De

2. Use the ROCKER to highlight the eld below Proximity Alarm, and press ENTER.3. Select the On or Off setting and press ENTER.To add a proximity wa

Managing Your TracksThe GPSMAP 278 draws an electronic breadcrumb trail or track log on the Map Page as you travel. The track log contains points alon

To clear the track log:1. Highlight the Track tab, on the Main Menu, and then highlight the Active sub tab.2. Highlight the Clear button, and press

Saved TracksThe Saved sub tab lists all of the saved tracks in your unit. Press MENU to open the Saved tab options menu.Review on Map—shows the highli

Navigating a Saved TrackYou can save your track log to use later as a TracBack, which reduces your track log into a route with up to 300 turns. When i

Display Tab... 79Sound Tab ...

MarIne Mode PaGesFive pages are available in Marine Mode—Map, Compass, Highway, Active Route, and Position Data. An optional Sonar Page is available w

Changing the Page Layout andPage Layout and Data FieldsBy default, ve data elds appear on the right side of the Map Page. You can select how the el

Setting Up the Map PageUse the Set Up Map option to set how items appear on the Map Page. To change a map setup option:1. On the Map Page, press MENU

5. When using map loaded to a data card, you can view detailed information about an individual map, highlight the Map Name, and press ENTER. Highligh

Map coverage conforms to the following conditions:• Cartography is shown when the selected zoom scale is covered by either the internal basemap or ot

To re-center your position on the screen: Press QUIT. The map automatically moves to show your present location, and the unit returns to position mod

Measuring DistanceYou can measure the distance and bearing between two map items. To measure the bearing/distance between two points:1. On the Map Pa

Compass PageDuring active navigation, the Compass Page guides you to your destination with a graphic compass display and a bearing pointer. When the p

Compass Page Options MenuUse the options menu on the Compass Page to customize the Compass Page. For denitions of data eld options, see page 120. Pr

To use the Marine Timer:1. Press the ROCKER up or down to select the time you want to count. Five (5) minutes is the default. 2. Press ENTER to star

Caring for the GPSMAP 278The GPSMAP 278 case is constructed of high quality materials and does not require user maintenance except cleaning.Cleaning t

Highway PageThe Highway Page is available in both Marine Mode and Automotive ModeHighway PageWhen you are navigating, the Highway Page provides digita

Highway Page Options MenuUse the Highway Page options menu to dene the data elds and select which waypoints and tracks appear on the screen. The dat

Active Route PageWhen you are navigating a route using your GPSMAP 278, the Active Route Page shows each point (waypoint or map item) of the active ro

Position Data PageThe Position Data Page shows important navigation data while navigating a route in Marine Mode. By default, the Position Data Page s

autoMotIve ModeYour GPSMAP 278 comes preloaded with City Navigator Europe NT v 9.0, which contains detailed maps of major metropolitan areas in Europe

Navigating to a DestinationYou can navigate to your destination in Automotive Mode using the Map Page. As you travel, your GPSMAP 278 guides you to yo

To navigate (Go To) a point on the map:Highlight a point to navigate to, and press NAV. Highlight Go To <point name> and press ENTER. Follow t

To create a new route:1. Press NAV to open the Navigate menu.2. Highlight New Route, and press ENTER.3. From the Find menu, highlight Waypoints, an

Following a Saved RouteUse the Navigate menu to follow a saved track or route. If you want to follow roads on your route, press MENU and select Follow

Editing Your RouteWhen you are navigating a route, you can edit that route. You can add areas and roads to avoid as well as temporary detours to your

Failure to avoid the following potentially hazardous situations could result in an accident or collision resulting in death or serious injury.When ins

Creating a DetourIf there is road construction or some other form of a detour while navigating a route, you can have your GPSMAP 278 create a detour r

autoMotIve Mode PaGesAutomotive Mode has two main pages (Map and Trip Computer) that are always available. Optional Highway and Compass pages can be t

Current Route PageWhen navigating a route using your GPSMAP 278 in Automotive Mode, the Active Route Page shows each turn of the active route, with th

Trip Computer PageThe Trip Computer Page shows important data while navigating a route in Automotive Mode. It indicates your current speed and other

MaIn MenuThe Main Menu provides access to various waypoint, system, navigation and interface management, and setup menus.Main MenuTo select a tab from

GPS TabThe GPS tab provides a visual reference of satellite acquisition, receiver status, and accuracy. The sky view and signal strength bars give an

Points TabThe Points tab contains two sub tabs, User and Proximity, which allow you to manage a large number of waypoints quickly and efciently. For

DSC TabUse the DSC tab (Marine Mode only) to control and set up the Digital Selective Calling (DSC) features. DSC uses marine VHF radio and GPS to tra

DSC LogDSC DirectoryThe DSC Directory is like phone book and can hold up to 50 entries.DSC Directory listDSC Directory entries. Press ENTER to open th

Sonar TabUse the Sonar tab to set up and congure sonar. See the “Setting Up and Using Sonar” section beginning on page 90 for more information about

Battery WarningsIf these guidelines are not followed, the internal lithium-ion battery may experience a shortened life span or may present a risk of d

To set a persistent alarm:1. Highlight the Alarms tab on the Main Menu.2. Highlight the box next to the alarm you want to make persistent (for examp

Sonar AlarmsShallow Water/Deep Water—set an alarm to sound when you enter an area of water that is too shallow or deep. Select On and then specify a d

To add a route (or point) to the calendar:1. Highlight the Calendar tab on the Main Menu. The current day appears on the Day View sub tab.2. Press M

Tide Sub TabThe Tide sub tab contains a graphical chart that shows tide station information in a 24-hour span starting at midnight station time. You c

To view a chart’s details for another time during the day (other than current time):1. From the Tide sub tab with the chart you want to view, press M

To view sun and moon information for a different location:1. Use the ROCKER to highlight the From eld, and press ENTER.2. Highlight Use Find Menu,

To use the current date again, highlight the Date eld. Press MENU, highlight Use Current Date, and press ENTER.To view hunt and sh information for a

To show or hide messages using the log lter:1. Highlight the Message tab on the Main Menu. 2. Highlight the Log Filter sub tab. All messages appear

Twilight Adjustment—allows the unit to adjust the backlight for optimum viewing during twilight times. Highway Page—indicates whether the Highway Page

Setup TabTo customize how your GPSMAP 278 looks, use the System tab to adjust certain system settings. System Sub TabUse the System sub tab to control

GettInG startedUnit OverviewThe GPSMAP 278 is an all-in-one, versatile color chartplotter and automobile navigator—perfect for land or water. This por

Route Preference—allows the unit to calculates routes based on: • Faster Time—routes calculated are faster to drive but might be longer in distance.•

Off-Route Recalculation—allows you to set whether the unit prompts you when it is recalculating your route (Prompted), or recalculates automatically.

Units Sub TabUse the Units sub tab to customize measurement units. Units Sub TabDistance and Speed—select the unit of measure to show your speed and d

The default setting is WGS 84. The unit automatically selects the best datum depending on your chosen location format. WARNING: Selecting the wrong

3. To display the welcome message when you turn on your GPSMAP 278, highlight the Show at Power-up check box, and press ENTER to select it. To hide t

• Text Out—allows the unit to output simple text data that includes data, time, location, and velocity. The Baud can be set to 1200, 2400, 4800, or 9

To restart the scan:1. Press MENU.2. Highlight Restart Scan, and press ENTER.To manually enter a frequency and bit rate:1. With the unit set to Gar

5. Press MENU to open the options menu. 6. Select Advanced NMEA Setup, and press ENTER.Advanced NMEA Output SetupUse the Advanced NMEA Output Setup

settInG uP and usInG sonarThis section covers the additional sonar options for the GPSMAP 278 when used in conjunction with a GSD 21 or GSD 20 Sounde

Using the Sonar PageWhen combined with a GSD 21 or GSD 20 Sounder Module, your GPSMAP 278 becomes a powerful shnder/asher with the Sonar Page. If a